Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can develop after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event.

Symptoms fall into four categories:

  • Intrusion: flashbacks, nightmares, intrusive memories

  • Avoidance: avoiding reminders of the trauma

  • Negative mood changes: guilt, detachment, hopelessness

  • Hyperarousal: irritability, hypervigilance, sleep problems

PTSD is not weakness — it is a prolonged stress response. Trauma-focused therapy can be highly effective.